Gas-engine.



E. VAN HISE. GAS ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 20. l9l4.

' Inventor. ZeJZ'e .Z/azzizzse.

fliZ-y.

Patented N 0V. 12, 1918.

ran onion.

GAS-ENG.

pulse from the combustion-of the fuel may be had at every stroke of thepiston or pistons.

It is an object of the invention to provide an internal combustionengine with a piston which is capable of compressing air outside thecombustionchamber, some of which is employed, first for scavenging thesaid chamber and then for carrying a compressed explosive mixture intosaid chamber, a valve mechanism being employed for controlling themovement of the compressed materials.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a gas or internalcombustion engine with an air compressing chamber outside the combustionchamber and a mixing chamber also outside the combustion chamber, thepiston of the-engine being capable of compressing air in said chambersboth for scavenging the combustion chamber and for introducing air mixedWith fuel for securing proper explosions within the combustion chamber.

With these and other objects in view, the invention comprises certainnovel constructions, combinations and arrangements of parts. as willbehereinafter fully described and claimed. I

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification:

Figure 1 is a vertical central sectional view through an engineconstructed in accordance with this invention, the plane of the sectionextending through the chambers in which the air is compressed by thepiston.

Fig. 2 is a vertical central sectional view through said engine takenupon a plane at right angles to that of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken upon the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a detail view showingthe carbureter in top plan view and thespray- The engine of the present invention is pro- I Specification ofLetters Patent. Patented New.. 12., T3918, Application filed April20,1914. Serial No. aaaore.

vided -with chambers which communicate With the combustion chamber, thepiston being adapted to compress air in said chambers before it isadmitted to the combustion chamber, a-single valve controls the inletsfrom said chambers into said combustion chamber. The engine is atwo-cycle engine in action receiving an explosion and an impulsetherefrom at every reciprocation of the piston. in the accompanylngdrawing the preferred structure of the engine has been disclosed and thedetails and features thereof will now be more specifically described,reterence being bad to said drawing. Tn said drawing 5, indicates thecombustion chamher and power cylinder of the engine; 6 a tandem cylinderotlarger diameter than the cylinder 5. A piston 7 moves in the cylinder5 and is provided with an enlarged portion 8 forming a piston for theenlarged cylinder 6. The cylinders 5 and 6 are mounted upon a suitableframing 9 within which are guides 10 for directing the movement of across-head 11. The cross-head 11 is rigidly secured to the lower end ofa piston rod 12, the upper end of which is fastened in the upper end ofthe piston 7. The lower end of the cylinder framing usually rests upon aplate 13, through which the piston rod 12' passes. A packing gland 14:is provided in said plate 13 and surrounds the piston rod 12 so as toprevent the leakage of air about the same.

The cross-head 11 ispivotally connected with a pitman 15 which extendsto and is journaled upon a bearing 16 formed upon the engine crankl'l.The crank is formed in the crank shaft 18 which is journaled in usuallyprovided with a water jacket 22 for 'keeping it cool.

The cylinder casing is further provided with passages. in which air iscompressed, one of said passages as 23 usually extending up one side ofthe engine while the-other pasage as 24 extends up the othe sidethereot.

The lower end of the passage 23 communicates with the lower end of thecylinder 6 nose and the air compressed therein be allowed to rush intothe upper end of the cylinder 5. The air will thus force all oi thespent gases from the cylinder and into the exhaust outlet, thoroughlyscavenging the cylinder and leaving only fresh pure air therein. As thepiston 8 passed the valve 43, it began to draw in the air from theatmosphere behind it so as to fill the upper part of the cylinder 6again The up stroke of the piston Will cause the air thus drawn into thecylinder 6 to be highly compressed in the small passage :2 and thus' beprepared for rushing into the combustion chamber as soon as the valvewill permit. The upward stroke of the. piston ct course, closes theexhaust ports 19, and since the small amount of air in the cylinder 5will not be compressed to anything like the same degree as the airiii-the larger cylinder 6, there will be a great dillerence between thecompression in the passages 2t and the upper end of the combustionchamber. As soon as e piston nearly reaches the upper end of its stroke,the valve :25 will connect the Qt with said cylinder and the highlycompressed charge in said passage will rush into the cylinder 5 carryingwith it the sprayed gasolene or other fuel which will. at that time bedrawn from the nozzle of the carburetor, B tore the piston 7 quitereaches the top of its stroke, the valve as will close the top of thecylinder 5 and the charge will be fired by Y the spark plug. Upon thedownward movement of the piston under the eFfect oiv firing the gaseousmixture, the operation just de scribed will be repeated again. lt willbe evident that there is no chance for the exhaust gases to remain inthe cylinder 5 and the cylinder will not only be quickly and thoroughlycleared of such gases, but will be somewhat cooled by the iii-rushingfresh air from the passage 23, leaving the cylinder ingood condition forthe next firing charge, As the piston 8 passes the valve 4 :3 in itsupward stroke, air will be drawn into the lower portion of the cylindera whereby there Will always be an ample amount of air below the pistonfor compression in the passage 23. The by-pass pipe equalizes thepressure with respect to the carburetor so that the gasolene will beproperly fed from the nozzle when the compressed air rushes into thecylinder 5, the gasolene being also thoroughly and properly controlledby the float 29 and its valve 28. In practice the small amount ofsuction produced in the passage 1'24- },vlien the piston 8 is making itsdescent in the upper half of the cylinder 6, is found not to disturb theaction of the carburetor and if any gasolene from the nozzle is drawninto the upper end of the passage 2%, it will simply be coininingledmore thoroughly with the air or the inrushing charge, The continual useof fresh atmospheric air in the down the temperature of the engine. The

' throttle valve 36 and the cam shaft 33 being under the control of theoperator of the engine at all times, makes it. possible to readilyadjust and control the richness of the mixture which is admitted to thecom bustion chamber. it will be evident that many of the minor detailsof the mechanism may be varied andmechanical equivalents thereofemployed, Without departing in the least from the spirit of theinvention.

What is claimed is:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a piston havingan extension portion capable of compressing air outside the combustionchamber upon each stroke thereof, the engine having air receivingpassages outside the combustion chamber, one of said passages'havingmeans for introducing fuel connected therewith and leading to the outervalve controlled end thereof, the said piston extension operating, firstby scavenging the combustion chamber with the air compressed on onestroke, and

then for carrying a charge of an explosive mixture with the aircompressed on the other stroke, for operating the engine, and a valveoperating in conjunction. With the movement of the piston forcontrolling the entrance of said compressed air to the combustionchamher,

2. An internal combustion engine having a cylinc er, a piston in saidcylinder and arranged to receive an impulse from the firing of anexplosive charge upon one stroke, said piston having an enlarged portionfor compressing air for scavenging the cylinder upon the same stroke, astorage chamber within which the air may be compressed, said storagechamber being arranged to receive air compressed by enlarged portion ofthe piston and to deliver it into the outer end of the combustionchamber, thesaid enlarged portion or the piston also being capable ofcompressing air upon its other stroke and causing it to carry and mixwith it fuel for charging the combustion chamber of the engine vvith anexplosive mixture, means for delivering fuel to said compressed-air toform said explosive mixture, a valve for positively controlling theadmission of compressed charges to the combustion chamber and means foroperating said valve in accordance with the movement of the piston.

3. An internal combustion engine having a piston, a cylinder havingstorage chambers outside the combustion chamber, the said piston beingcapable of compressing air in one of said storage chambers upon onestroke for scavenging the combustion chamber of the engine, and capableupon the other stroke or compressing air and forcing the same throughthe other storage chamber the said having fuel. introducing meansconnected therewith, means for delivering fuel into said,chamber-{whereby charges of air and explosive materials will bedelivered into the combustion chamber of the engine and a single valvearranged to'admit explosive and scavenging charges successively uponeach reciprocatlon of the piston;

4. A gas engine comprising a cylinder aflording a combustion chamberatone end of the engine piston, 'a piston moving there,- in and havingan enlarged extension outside the combustion chamber for compressingair, a chamber adjacent to the cylinder for receiving compressed air, avalve for directing the air into the inletend of the cylinder after eachexplosion therein, the

engine being also formed with a second 5. An explosive gas engine havingcylin- (lei-s in tandem, a piston operating partly in one cylinder andpartly in the other,

one cylinder being adapted for use as a combustion chamber, while theother cylin-- der is employed for compressing charges of air, a valvefor introducing 'air into the said lattercylinder, separate passages forreceiving charges of air from the compressing cylinder, means forintroducing an explosive material'into one of said passages and a valveinterposed between the said passages and one end of the combustionchamber whereby compressed airimay be introduced into the combustionchamber first for scav,

enging the same, and second for. carrying an explosive mixture nto thesame. 6. An. exploslve gas engine havlng tandem cylinders of difierentdiameters, a piston having portions of large and small. diameters forfitting into said tandem cylinders,

means for introducing air into one of said tandem cylinders, the pistonoperating therein being capable of compressing the air in one cylinderand delivering charges thereof into the other cylinder, means forintroducing fuel material into one of said charges and a rotating valvehaving a port capable of directing a scavenging charge of the other. IZ-. An explosive-gas nasaeae pure air into one-of the cylinders andthenof delivering a charge of an explosive 'mixture into said cylinder andmeans for firing said charge, the engine having passages fortransferring the air from one .cylinder to and lowercylinders, the uppercylinder be-, ing formed 'witha combustion chamber at one-end thereof,while the other cylinder is provided with an air, inlet, a valve forcontrolling said air inlet, "the engine casing being providedwithpassages leading from the lower cylinder topoints adjacent thec'ombustionchamber of the upper cylinder, [means for admitting fuel toone of'said passages, a rotating valve for controlling the same, theupper cylinder being also pro-.

vided with outlet ports controlled by a I piston moving in said 0linder, a piston, and driving connections or controlling said valveconnectedwith the crank shaft of said engine, whereby its movement willbe regulated in accordance with the movement of the engines pistons.

8. In a two-cycle engine having tandem cylinders,the power cylinder ofwhich-is of less diameter than the other-cylinder, a tandem pistonhaving portions fitting in said cylinders, the engine casing. beingprovided with compression receiving chambers outsidethe combustionchamber, one being, connected with'one' end of the larger cylinder,

while the other is'connected with the other end of said larger cylinder,a valve con,- trolling the inlet of air to the larger cylinder, thesmaller cylinder having outlet ports for exhaust materials, acarbureter, a valve controlled nozzle adapted to lead mixture enrichingmaterials into one of said compression chambers, a throttle valvecontrol engine having upper ling the passage of mixtures from one ofsaid compresslon receiving chambers and a valve common to both sa1dcom-pression receiving chambers and one end of the power cylinderwhereby the compressed charges may be alternately directed into saidcylinder whereby the cylinder may be first scav- 'enge'd and thenre-charged with explosive material.

I In testimony-whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

- LESTER E. VAN HISE.

- Witnesses; 1

CAssELL SEvERANcE, CHARLES C. MONTGOMERY.

